CUSTOM-AF

Until recently the standard approach of patients with recent-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) involved early cardioversion. In the latest ESC AF guidelines, a delayed cardioversion approach within 48 hours has been added to the recommendations. However, given the self-terminating and recurrent nature of AF, cardioversion may not always be necessary, and rate control medication could suffice to manage symptoms until spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm occurs. The Research Continuous heart rhythm monitoring elucidated the recurrent and transient nature of recent-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). In the RACE7 we showed that a wait-and-see approach (WAS) in patients with recent-onset AF (rate control for symptom relief followed by delayed cardioversion if needed <48h) allows spontaneous conversion to sinus rhythm in 69% of patients, obviating active cardioversion. Recurrences within one month were seen in 30% of patients in both groups, i.e. the initially chosen strategy did not affect the recurrence pattern. Considering the latter, it remains unclear whether cardioversion is needed at all, especially since cardioversion strategy does not seem to affect behaviour of the arrhythmia over time. Instead of cardioversion a watchful-waiting rate control strategy may be appropriate as initial strategy. Therefore, we intend to perform a multi-center clinical randomized controlled trial to show non-inferiority of watchful-waiting with rate control versus the WAS approach in terms of prevalence of sinus rhythm at 4 weeks follow-up, using a novel telemonitoring infrastructure to guide rate and rhythm control during follow-up. This novel telemonitoring infrastructure may facilitate the watchful-waiting strategy and obviate the need for cardioversion and reduce costs compared to the delayed rhythm control WAS strategy. The study will be conducted across multiple centers in the Netherlands, including UMC Groningen, Radboud UMC, Amsterdam UMC, Alrijne Hospital, VieCuri Medical Centre, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Rijnstate Hospital, Martini Hospital, St. Antonius Hospital, Antonius Hospital, Noordwest Hospitalgroup, Medisch Spectrum Twente, and Maastricht University Medical Center. Origin This project is funded within the Innovative Medical Devices Initiative (IMDI) program 'Heart for Sustainable Care'. The focus of this program is the development of medical technology for the earlier detection, monitoring, and better treatment of cardiovascular diseases to ensure accessible healthcare and sufficient staffing. The program has been developed en funded by the Dutch Heart Foundation, ZonMw and NWO, who collaborate within the Dutch CardioVascular Alliance.

Registry-based research enables faster and cheaper clinical research by using real world data. This is particularly important in patient populations where research is otherwise difficult to conduct, such as heart failure patients with comorbidities. The main aim of the Heart4data consortium is therefore to develop a sustainable infrastructure for cardiovascular registry-based research in the Netherlands. This includes governance and Information Technology (IT) infrastructure, research methods, FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) data creation and data linkage with relevant databases.     About Heart4Data  The Heart4Data consortium is building on the core qualities and experience of DCVA partners. Heart4Data will create a DCVA Health Data Hub that will be part of the DCVA pillar Data Infrastructure to combine all expertises across the different DCVA partners as part of the sustainability program.    In addition, Heart4Data will contribute to improvement of valorisation and implementation through accelerating the generation of results and facilitate DCVA consortia by providing a platform for research at lower operational costs compared to more traditional research methods.    The Research 1. To create a national and sustainable FAIR data-based infrastructure for cardiovascular registry-based research.  The infrastructure includes a framework/structure for the governance, and the ethical, legal, financial, technological and methodological factors. There will be a special focus on heart failure in this project by creating a sustainable heart failure (and atrial fibrillation (AF)) registry in the Netherlands Heart Registration (NHR) and links with other relevant national and regional registries and data sources.    2. To use and prove value of the infrastructure by conducting two projects:    - Observational, longitudinal research on the entire spectrum of patients with heart failure (including patients with HFpEF) in the Netherlands (project A) with focus on guideline recommended diagnostic trajectories and treatment.  - Prospective randomized clinical research on pharmaco-therapeutic treatment in patients with chronic heart failure (project B: SELEQT-HF).  The origin One of the five top priorities named on the cardiovascular disease research agenda that the Dutch Heart Foundation set in 2014 was finding better treatment for heart failure and arrhythmias. Back in 2014, when the research agenda was drawn up, it became clear that registry-based research is essential for this. The Dutch Heart Foundation therefore funded this study as part of the collaboration with the ZonMw GGG program on Good Use of Medicines (Goed Gebruik Geneesmiddelen). For a complex project such as this, collaboration within the entire cardiovascular field is an important starting point. The consortium is a collaboration between several DCVA partners; the Dutch Heart Foundation, ZonMw, NHR, WCN, Harteraad, NLHI, NVHVV, NVT, NVVC, VIG and Health-RI.